Defining health and health inequalities
Highlights • The terms health and health inequalities are often used without clear definition. • We assess the range of meanings the terms have been used to describe and offer definitions. • We suggest health should be defined as a structural, functional and emotional state that is compatible with effective life as an individual and as a member of society. • We provide a new definition of health inequalities. • Population health can be defined to encompass the average, distribution and inequalities in health within a society. Abstract Objectives To examine existing definitions of health and health inequalities and to synthesise the most useful of these using explicit rationale and the most parsimonious text. Study design Literature review and synthesis. Methods Existing definitions of health and health inequalities were identified, and their normative properties were extracted and then critically appraised. Using explicit reasoning, new